This article has been updated to reflect 2026 data and recent developments.
A new report card came out for charter schools, courtesy of Mathematica Policy Research. The study was considered to be the most comprehensive, longitudinal study on charter school networks to date, and it offered valuable information on whether these public schools were serving the purpose originally intended for them. While data was somewhat mixed throughout the study, there were a few key facts that could be taken from the research to explain why some charter schools are more effective than others.
More recent research continues to examine the same question. The Center for Research on Education Outcomes at Stanford University published its third National Charter School Study in 2023, examining the academic progress of charter school students compared with students in traditional public schools. The study found positive average effects for charter students in both reading and mathematics, although results continued to vary among schools and student groups.
The CMO and the Study
The Mathematica study revolves around data collected on charter school management organizations, or CMOs. These organizations serve as networks that operate multiple charter schools. At the time of the study, there were around 130 CMOs across the country that were responsible for meeting the needs of approximately 250,000 students. While this number did not encompass all of the charter schools in operation, the number of schools overseen by CMOs had been growing. According to Mathematica, by 2012
